Also called large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ), loop excision
Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) uses an electric current passed through a loop of thin wire to remove abnormal tissue from the cervix.
Why LEEP is done
How LEEP is done
LEEP may be done in a doctor's office, colposcopy clinic or hospital operating room. It does not need any special preparation and does not take very long to do. A general or local anesthetic is used during the procedure. The doctor uses a colposcope to view the vagina and cervix and to guide the wire to the tissue within the cervix.
What the results mean
If LEEP was done for diagnostic reasons, the pathology report indicates the characteristics and type of cells present and if cells are normal, non-cancerous or cancerous.
What happens if a change or abnormality is detected
The doctor will decide whether further tests, procedures, follow-up care or additional treatment is needed.
What happens after LEEP
After LEEP, a woman will be told to:
- use sanitary pads because there is often some discharge from the vagina for a few weeks after the procedure
- avoid having sexual intercourse
- not insert anything into the vagina (such as tampons or a vaginal douche) for several weeks after the procedure
- report any unusual pain in the pelvis, heavy bleeding or signs of infection (foul-smelling or yellowish discharge) to the doctor
Potential side effects
Side effects can occur with any type of treatment, but not everyone has them or experiences them in the same way.
Short-term side effects can happen during, immediately after or a few weeks after LEEP. They are usually temporary. Side effects may include:
- menstrual-like cramps
- dark-brown discharge
- bleeding or spotting
- infection
Long-term side effects can show up long after the procedure is over and can last a long time. Most women do not have long-term side effects after LEEP. Some women may experience:
- narrowing (stenosis) of the cervix that may cause infertility
- premature delivery – in women who had the procedure done late in their pregnancy