Smoking tobacco is the main cause of lung cancer. People who live or work with people who smoke are also at increased risk because they are exposed to second-hand smoke.
Other factors that increase the risk of lung cancer include:
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exposure to asbestos and some other substances, such as arsenic or drinking water that contains high levels of arsenic, chromium and nickel, especially if you are a smoker
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exposure to radon gas
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having had lung cancer before
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family history of lung cancer
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air pollution
Some people develop lung cancer without any of these risk factors.